Wet Rice Cultivation

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Wet-rice cultivation means growing rice in fields that are deliberately flooded or kept very wet during much of the growing period. In Bali, these are the familiar green terraced rice fields. Wet rice cultivation (paddy agriculture) is an agricultural system where rice is grown in flooded fields (paddies or sawah). Standing water suppresses weeds, regulates soil temperature, and supplies continuous nutrients, allowing the same land to remain fertile for centuries without degradation. The process of doing the wet rice cultivation are Seedling Nursery, Field Preparation, Transplanting, Water Management and Harvesting & Threshing. After need to dry before processing in rice mill.

Sunrise over terraced rice fields with palm trees in the foreground, featuring Mount Agung in the background under a colorful sky.
Panoramic view of terraced rice fields with a vibrant sunset and distant mountains in the background.
A scenic view of terraced rice fields in Bali, Indonesia, with a prominent mountain silhouette in the background during sunset.
A scenic view of terraced rice fields at sunset, with the sun setting behind the hills and clouds in the background.
Sunset over lush green rice terraces with palm trees in the foreground and distant mountains in the background.
Sunset over terraced rice fields surrounded by lush palm trees and greenery.
A scenic view of lush rice terraces in Bali, surrounded by palm trees, with golden sunlight illuminating the landscape.
Scenic view of terraced rice fields with distant mountains under a clear blue sky.
Lush green rice terraces with palm trees against a clear blue sky and distant mountains.
A scenic view of terraced rice fields under a cloudy sky, with mountains in the background and lush greenery.
A scenic view of terraced rice fields during sunset, with lush green vegetation and a distant mountain in the background.
A scenic view of terraced rice fields with lush green plants and palm trees, set against a misty horizon at sunrise.
Lush green rice terraces with a wooden shelter and tropical vegetation against a backdrop of mountains and clouds.
Scenic view of terraced rice fields with lush greenery and palm trees, framed by mountains under a partly cloudy sky.
A scenic view of lush green rice terraces with a backdrop of mountains and a cloudy sky.
Scenic view of mountains in the background surrounded by lush greenery and colorful plants in the foreground, under a partly cloudy sky.
Lush green rice terraces in Bali, Indonesia, with palm trees and traditional huts under a cloudy sky.
Lush green rice terraces under a cloudy sky at sunrise, with a few small huts scattered among the fields.
A lush green rice terrace landscape with a mountain in the background under a cloudy sky.
Lush green terraced rice fields under a cloudy sky with distant mountains in the background.
Lush green rice terraces in Bali with a backdrop of mountains and palm trees, featuring a person tending to the fields.
Lush green rice terraces with palm trees in a mountainous landscape at sunrise.
Lush green rice paddies in Bali, Indonesia, with palm trees and a cloudy sky in the background.
A picturesque view of terraced rice fields in the early morning light, with lush green vegetation and distant mountains under a partly cloudy sky.

Rice

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Its scientific name is Oryza sativa (Asian rice). An annual grass that grows up to 1.2 meters tall, with hollow stems, long flat leaves, and a flowering panicle that produces grains. Feeds over half the world’s population, especially in Asia and Africa. Over 800 million tons produced globally in 2023, with China, India, and Indonesia as top consumers. It has cultural symbolism: often associated with fertility, prosperity, and ritual offerings in many cultures, including Bali, the island where most people earn their living from agriculture.

Lush green rice paddies in Bali with mountains in the background under a cloudy sky.
Lush green rice terraces with palm trees and mountains in the background, under a cloudy sky.
A scenic view of terraced rice fields in Bali, Indonesia, with lush green rice plants, palm trees, and mountain peaks in the background under a partly cloudy sky.
A scenic view of terraced rice fields in Bali, Indonesia, with palm trees and a bright sky during sunrise.
A person standing in rice terraces with lush green plants and a mountain in the background under a clear blue sky.
A scenic view of rice paddies in Bali, Indonesia, with lush green fields and a mountain backdrop. A dog is seen walking along the edge of the paddies under a blue sky.
A scenic landscape of rice terraces in Bali, featuring lush green rice plants and mountains in the background under a cloudy sky.
Scenic view of terraced rice fields in Bali, Indonesia, with palm trees and mountains in the background under a partly cloudy sky.
A scenic view of terraced rice fields in Bali, Indonesia, with lush green rice plants and a backdrop of mountains under a clear blue sky. Palm trees and colorful foliage are in the foreground.
A scenic view of terraced rice fields in Bali, Indonesia, with a backdrop of a mountain and palm trees under a clear sky.
A lush landscape of terraced rice paddies in Bali, featuring vibrant green fields, palm trees, and a small structure amid the rows of growing rice plants.
Lush green rice paddies in a terraced field with palm trees and a cloudy sky in the background.
Lush green rice terraces with palm trees and traditional huts in a scenic landscape.
A scenic view of terraced rice fields in Bali, surrounded by lush greenery and palm trees under a cloudy sky.
Terraced rice fields with lush green rice plants and water channels, surrounded by tropical vegetation.
Lush green rice terraces with water-filled fields, surrounded by tropical vegetation and a cloudy sky.
Lush green rice seedlings growing in flooded fields, organized in neat rows, indicating a thriving rice cultivation landscape.
Lush green terraced rice fields with palm trees and a small house in the background, showcasing traditional rice cultivation in Bali.
Terraced rice paddies with lush green rows and waterlogged fields, showcasing the cultivation of rice in a scenic landscape.

Traditional Balinese Rice Farming Practices

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Balinese rice farmers have cultivated their lush terraces for generations, creating not only a vital food source but also a breathtaking landscape. The traditional rice farming system in Bali, known as Subak, is a cooperative irrigation system that dates back to the 9th century. This system is deeply rooted in Balinese culture and religion, emphasizing harmony between the farmers, their community, and the environment. Farmers often work in the early mornings and late afternoons to avoid the midday heat. They plant, tend, and harvest rice by hand, a labor-intensive process that requires skill and dedication. The green rice terraces, especially in areas like Tegallalang and Jatiluwih, are a testament to the hard work and ingenuity of these farmers.